const crypto = require("crypto");
const fs = require("fs");
const http = require("http");
const path = require("path");

const appPort = Number(process.env.APP_PORT || 8787);
const root = __dirname;
const boardSize = 5;
const winTarget = 4;
const empty = "";
const maxClients = Number(process.env.MAX_CLIENTS || 200);
const maxClientsPerIp = Number(process.env.MAX_CLIENTS_PER_IP || 12);
const maxMessageBytes = Number(process.env.MAX_MESSAGE_BYTES || 1024);
const messageWindowMs = Number(process.env.MESSAGE_WINDOW_MS || 10_000);
const maxMessagesPerWindow = Number(process.env.MAX_MESSAGES_PER_WINDOW || 40);
const minActionIntervalMs = Number(process.env.MIN_ACTION_INTERVAL_MS || 180);
const idleSocketTimeoutMs = Number(process.env.IDLE_SOCKET_TIMEOUT_MS || 120_000);
const allowedOrigins = (process.env.ALLOWED_ORIGINS || "")
  .split(",")
  .map((origin) => origin.trim())
  .filter(Boolean);
const trustProxy = process.env.TRUST_PROXY === "true";

const clients = new Map();
const rooms = new Map();
const clientsByIp = new Map();
let waitingClientId = "";
let nextClientId = 1;
let nextRoomId = 1;

const staticFiles = new Map([
  ["/", "index.html"],
  ["/index.html", "index.html"],
  ["/styles.css", "styles.css"],
  ["/game.js", "game.js"],
]);

const mimeTypes = {
  ".html": "text/html; charset=utf-8",
  ".css": "text/css; charset=utf-8",
  ".js": "text/javascript; charset=utf-8",
};

const directions = [
  [-1, -1],
  [-1, 0],
  [-1, 1],
  [0, -1],
  [0, 1],
  [1, -1],
  [1, 0],
  [1, 1],
];

const winAxes = [
  [0, 1],
  [1, 0],
  [1, 1],
  [1, -1],
];

const server = http.createServer((request, response) => {
  setSecurityHeaders(response);

  if (request.method !== "GET" && request.method !== "HEAD") {
    response.writeHead(405, { Allow: "GET, HEAD" });
    response.end("Method not allowed");
    return;
  }

  const requestUrl = new URL(request.url, `http://${request.headers.host}`);

  if (requestUrl.pathname === "/healthz") {
    response.writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "application/json; charset=utf-8" });
    response.end(request.method === "HEAD" ? undefined : JSON.stringify({ ok: true }));
    return;
  }

  if (requestUrl.pathname === "/lobby") {
    response.writeHead(200, {
      "Cache-Control": "no-store",
      "Content-Type": "application/json; charset=utf-8",
    });
    response.end(request.method === "HEAD" ? undefined : JSON.stringify(lobbyStatus()));
    return;
  }

  const staticName = staticFiles.get(requestUrl.pathname);
  if (!staticName) {
    response.writeHead(404);
    response.end("Not found");
    return;
  }

  const filePath = path.join(root, staticName);
  fs.readFile(filePath, (error, content) => {
    if (error) {
      response.writeHead(404);
      response.end("Not found");
      return;
    }

    response.writeHead(200, {
      "Cache-Control": "no-store",
      "Content-Type": mimeTypes[path.extname(filePath)] || "application/octet-stream",
    });
    response.end(request.method === "HEAD" ? undefined : content);
  });
});

server.on("upgrade", (request, socket) => {
  if (request.url !== "/ws") {
    rejectUpgrade(socket, 404, "Not found");
    return;
  }

  if (!isAllowedOrigin(request)) {
    rejectUpgrade(socket, 403, "Forbidden");
    return;
  }

  if (clients.size >= maxClients) {
    rejectUpgrade(socket, 503, "Server full");
    return;
  }

  const ip = clientIp(request);
  if ((clientsByIp.get(ip) || 0) >= maxClientsPerIp) {
    rejectUpgrade(socket, 429, "Too many connections");
    return;
  }

  const key = request.headers["sec-websocket-key"];
  if (!isValidWebSocketKey(key) || request.headers["sec-websocket-version"] !== "13") {
    rejectUpgrade(socket, 400, "Bad websocket request");
    return;
  }

  const accept = crypto
    .createHash("sha1")
    .update(`${key}258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11`)
    .digest("base64");

  socket.write([
    "HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols",
    "Upgrade: websocket",
    "Connection: Upgrade",
    `Sec-WebSocket-Accept: ${accept}`,
    "",
    "",
  ].join("\r\n"));

  addClient(socket, ip);
});

function setSecurityHeaders(response) {
  response.setHeader("Content-Security-Policy", "default-src 'self'; connect-src 'self'; script-src 'self'; style-src 'self'; base-uri 'none'; frame-ancestors 'none'");
  response.setHeader("Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy", "same-origin");
  response.setHeader("Referrer-Policy", "no-referrer");
  response.setHeader("X-Content-Type-Options", "nosniff");
  response.setHeader("X-Frame-Options", "DENY");
}

function rejectUpgrade(socket, status, message) {
  socket.write(`HTTP/1.1 ${status} ${message}\r\nConnection: close\r\n\r\n`);
  socket.destroy();
}

function isValidWebSocketKey(key) {
  if (typeof key !== "string") {
    return false;
  }

  try {
    return Buffer.from(key, "base64").length === 16;
  } catch {
    return false;
  }
}

function isAllowedOrigin(request) {
  const origin = request.headers.origin;
  if (!origin) {
    return true;
  }

  if (allowedOrigins.length > 0) {
    return allowedOrigins.includes(origin);
  }

  try {
    return new URL(origin).host === request.headers.host;
  } catch {
    return false;
  }
}

function clientIp(request) {
  const forwardedFor = request.headers["x-forwarded-for"];
  if (trustProxy && typeof forwardedFor === "string" && forwardedFor.length > 0) {
    return forwardedFor.split(",")[0].trim();
  }

  return request.socket.remoteAddress || "unknown";
}

function addClient(socket, ip) {
  const id = String(nextClientId);
  nextClientId += 1;

  const client = {
    id,
    ip,
    socket,
    roomId: "",
    player: "",
    buffer: Buffer.alloc(0),
    messageTimestamps: [],
    lastActionAt: 0,
  };

  clients.set(id, client);
  clientsByIp.set(ip, (clientsByIp.get(ip) || 0) + 1);

  socket.setNoDelay(true);
  socket.setTimeout(idleSocketTimeoutMs, () => closeClient(client, 1001, "Idle timeout"));
  socket.on("data", (buffer) => {
    try {
      handleSocketData(client, buffer);
    } catch {
      closeClient(client, 1002, "Protocol error");
    }
  });
  socket.on("close", () => removeClient(client));
  socket.on("error", () => removeClient(client));

  if (waitingClientId && clients.has(waitingClientId)) {
    pairClients(clients.get(waitingClientId), client);
    waitingClientId = "";
    return;
  }

  waitingClientId = id;
  send(client, { type: "waiting" });
}

function pairClients(xClient, oClient) {
  const roomId = String(nextRoomId);
  nextRoomId += 1;

  xClient.roomId = roomId;
  xClient.player = "X";
  oClient.roomId = roomId;
  oClient.player = "O";

  rooms.set(roomId, {
    id: roomId,
    players: [xClient.id, oClient.id],
    board: createBoard(),
    captures: { X: 0, O: 0 },
    currentPlayer: "X",
    gameOver: false,
  });

  send(xClient, { type: "paired", player: "X", roomId });
  send(oClient, { type: "paired", player: "O", roomId });
}

function lobbyStatus() {
  return {
    activeGames: rooms.size,
    waitingPlayers: waitingClientId && clients.has(waitingClientId) ? 1 : 0,
  };
}

function handleSocketData(client, buffer) {
  if (!clients.has(client.id)) {
    return;
  }

  if (client.buffer.length + buffer.length > maxMessageBytes) {
    closeClient(client, 1009, "Message too large");
    return;
  }

  client.buffer = Buffer.concat([client.buffer, buffer]);

  while (client.buffer.length > 0) {
    const frame = readFrame(client.buffer);
    if (!frame) {
      return;
    }

    client.buffer = client.buffer.subarray(frame.consumed);

    if (frame.opcode === 0x8) {
      closeClient(client, 1000, "Closing");
      return;
    }

    if (frame.opcode === 0x9) {
      client.socket.write(Buffer.from([0x8a, 0x00]));
      continue;
    }

    if (frame.opcode !== 0x1) {
      closeClient(client, 1003, "Unsupported frame");
      return;
    }

    handleTextMessage(client, frame.payload.toString("utf8"));
  }
}

function handleTextMessage(client, message) {
  if (!checkMessageRate(client)) {
    closeClient(client, 1008, "Rate limit exceeded");
    return;
  }

  let payload;
  try {
    payload = JSON.parse(message);
  } catch {
    send(client, { type: "error", message: "Invalid message." });
    return;
  }

  if (!isObject(payload) || !isSafeAction(client)) {
    send(client, { type: "error", message: "Slow down." });
    return;
  }

  const room = rooms.get(client.roomId);
  if (!room || payload.roomId !== client.roomId) {
    send(client, { type: "error", message: "You are not currently paired." });
    return;
  }

  if (payload.type === "move") {
    const result = applyMove(room, client, payload);
    if (!result.ok) {
      send(client, { type: "error", message: result.message });
      return;
    }

    relayToOpponent(client, {
      type: "move",
      row: payload.row,
      col: payload.col,
      player: client.player,
    });
    return;
  }

  if (payload.type === "reset") {
    room.board = createBoard();
    room.captures = { X: 0, O: 0 };
    room.currentPlayer = "X";
    room.gameOver = false;
    relayToOpponent(client, { type: "reset" });
    return;
  }

  send(client, { type: "error", message: "Unsupported message type." });
}

function checkMessageRate(client) {
  const now = Date.now();
  client.messageTimestamps = client.messageTimestamps.filter((timestamp) => now - timestamp < messageWindowMs);
  client.messageTimestamps.push(now);
  return client.messageTimestamps.length <= maxMessagesPerWindow;
}

function isSafeAction(client) {
  const now = Date.now();
  if (now - client.lastActionAt < minActionIntervalMs) {
    return false;
  }

  client.lastActionAt = now;
  return true;
}

function applyMove(room, client, payload) {
  if (room.gameOver) {
    return { ok: false, message: "Game is already over." };
  }

  if (client.player !== room.currentPlayer || payload.player !== client.player) {
    return { ok: false, message: "Not your turn." };
  }

  if (!isBoardCoordinate(payload.row) || !isBoardCoordinate(payload.col)) {
    return { ok: false, message: "Move is out of bounds." };
  }

  if (room.board[payload.row][payload.col] !== empty) {
    return { ok: false, message: "Cell is already occupied." };
  }

  room.board[payload.row][payload.col] = client.player;
  const captured = captureFrom(room.board, payload.row, payload.col, client.player);
  room.captures[client.player] += captured.length;

  if (findWin(room.board, client.player).length > 0 || isDraw(room.board)) {
    room.gameOver = true;
  } else {
    room.currentPlayer = opponentOf(client.player);
  }

  return { ok: true };
}

function removeClient(client) {
  if (!clients.has(client.id)) {
    return;
  }

  clients.delete(client.id);
  const ipCount = (clientsByIp.get(client.ip) || 1) - 1;
  if (ipCount <= 0) {
    clientsByIp.delete(client.ip);
  } else {
    clientsByIp.set(client.ip, ipCount);
  }

  if (waitingClientId === client.id) {
    waitingClientId = "";
  }

  if (!client.roomId) {
    return;
  }

  const room = rooms.get(client.roomId);
  rooms.delete(client.roomId);

  if (!room) {
    return;
  }

  for (const playerId of room.players) {
    if (playerId === client.id || !clients.has(playerId)) {
      continue;
    }

    const opponent = clients.get(playerId);
    opponent.roomId = "";
    opponent.player = "";
    send(opponent, {
      type: "opponent-left",
      message: "Opponent disconnected. Waiting for a new player...",
    });
    waitingClientId = opponent.id;
  }
}

function relayToOpponent(client, payload) {
  const room = rooms.get(client.roomId);
  if (!room) {
    send(client, { type: "error", message: "Room no longer exists." });
    return;
  }

  for (const playerId of room.players) {
    if (playerId !== client.id && clients.has(playerId)) {
      send(clients.get(playerId), payload);
    }
  }
}

function send(client, payload) {
  if (client.socket.destroyed) {
    return;
  }

  client.socket.write(encodeFrame(JSON.stringify(payload)));
}

function closeClient(client, code, reason) {
  if (client.socket.destroyed) {
    removeClient(client);
    return;
  }

  client.socket.write(encodeCloseFrame(code, reason));
  client.socket.end();
  removeClient(client);
}

function readFrame(buffer) {
  if (buffer.length < 2) {
    return null;
  }

  const firstByte = buffer[0];
  const secondByte = buffer[1];
  const masked = (secondByte & 0x80) === 0x80;
  let length = secondByte & 0x7f;
  let offset = 2;

  if (!masked) {
    throwAndClose();
  }

  if (length === 126) {
    if (buffer.length < offset + 2) {
      return null;
    }
    length = buffer.readUInt16BE(offset);
    offset += 2;
  } else if (length === 127) {
    if (buffer.length < offset + 8) {
      return null;
    }
    length = Number(buffer.readBigUInt64BE(offset));
    offset += 8;
  }

  if (length > maxMessageBytes) {
    throwAndClose();
  }

  const maskEnd = offset + 4;
  const payloadEnd = maskEnd + length;
  if (buffer.length < payloadEnd) {
    return null;
  }

  const mask = buffer.subarray(offset, maskEnd);
  const payload = buffer.subarray(maskEnd, payloadEnd);
  const decoded = Buffer.alloc(payload.length);
  for (let index = 0; index < payload.length; index += 1) {
    decoded[index] = payload[index] ^ mask[index % 4];
  }

  return {
    consumed: payloadEnd,
    opcode: firstByte & 0x0f,
    payload: decoded,
  };
}

function throwAndClose() {
  throw new Error("Invalid websocket frame");
}

function encodeFrame(message) {
  const payload = Buffer.from(message);
  const length = payload.length;

  if (length < 126) {
    return Buffer.concat([Buffer.from([0x81, length]), payload]);
  }

  const header = Buffer.alloc(4);
  header[0] = 0x81;
  header[1] = 126;
  header.writeUInt16BE(length, 2);
  return Buffer.concat([header, payload]);
}

function encodeCloseFrame(code, reason) {
  const reasonBuffer = Buffer.from(reason.slice(0, 80));
  const payload = Buffer.alloc(2 + reasonBuffer.length);
  payload.writeUInt16BE(code, 0);
  reasonBuffer.copy(payload, 2);
  return Buffer.concat([Buffer.from([0x88, payload.length]), payload]);
}

function createBoard() {
  return Array.from({ length: boardSize }, () => Array(boardSize).fill(empty));
}

function captureFrom(board, row, col, player) {
  const opponent = opponentOf(player);
  const captured = [];

  for (const [rowStep, colStep] of directions) {
    const candidates = [];
    let nextRow = row + rowStep;
    let nextCol = col + colStep;

    while (isInside(nextRow, nextCol) && board[nextRow][nextCol] === opponent) {
      candidates.push([nextRow, nextCol]);
      nextRow += rowStep;
      nextCol += colStep;
    }

    if (candidates.length > 0 && isInside(nextRow, nextCol) && board[nextRow][nextCol] === player) {
      captured.push(...candidates);
    }
  }

  for (const [captureRow, captureCol] of captured) {
    board[captureRow][captureCol] = empty;
  }

  return captured;
}

function findWin(board, player) {
  for (let row = 0; row < boardSize; row += 1) {
    for (let col = 0; col < boardSize; col += 1) {
      if (board[row][col] !== player) {
        continue;
      }

      for (const [rowStep, colStep] of winAxes) {
        const cells = [[row, col]];

        for (let index = 1; index < winTarget; index += 1) {
          const nextRow = row + rowStep * index;
          const nextCol = col + colStep * index;

          if (!isInside(nextRow, nextCol) || board[nextRow][nextCol] !== player) {
            break;
          }

          cells.push([nextRow, nextCol]);
        }

        if (cells.length === winTarget) {
          return cells;
        }
      }
    }
  }

  return [];
}

function isDraw(board) {
  return board.every((row) => row.every((cell) => cell !== empty));
}

function opponentOf(player) {
  return player === "X" ? "O" : "X";
}

function isInside(row, col) {
  return row >= 0 && row < boardSize && col >= 0 && col < boardSize;
}

function isBoardCoordinate(value) {
  return Number.isInteger(value) && value >= 0 && value < boardSize;
}

function isObject(value) {
  return value !== null && typeof value === "object" && !Array.isArray(value);
}

server.on("clientError", (_error, socket) => {
  socket.end("HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request\r\nConnection: close\r\n\r\n");
});

server.listen(appPort, () => {
  console.log(`Tictactics multiplayer server running at http://localhost:${appPort}`);
});